The effect of small (1-ha), 10-year rotational clear cuts on oak regeneration in Pennsylvania and Michigan

Abstract: We examined oak regeneration in small (2.5-acre [1-ha]) rotational clearcuts central Pennsylvania and northern Michigan. In this approach was initiated to improve habitat for ruffed grouse other early successional wildlife species, while Michigan it used regenerate under harsh environmental site conditions associated with sandy soils frosts. our study areas most of the clearcut stands had greater than found a large 39.5-acre (16-ha) clearcuts. particular, 10-year-old 2.5-acre (1-ha) located within landscape previous cuts remnant mature forest adequate advanced compared age classes. demonstrate that can be achieved type due availability seed source from adjacent reduction herbivory by white-tailed deer an overall plant resources. Therefore, if cycle is maintained over time, objectives are met. This management may particularly applicable where fire cannot oak.